If someone broke something of mine, I would certainly expect them to offer to replace it, but it would depend on what it was vs. what I'd expect. I don't think the OP was out of line expecting a similar item to replace the pricy, antique vase. I would as well if someone broke something of mine that was either pricy or valuable. I'd want either the exact replacement, or something as close to it as they could find, in the case of an antique or something that was no longer available.
with some friends, I'd have to be specific too, since they don't get that some cheaper versions are not as good as the pricer ones. For example, I am a kitchen snob, and my pots and pans are All Clad. All have been bought at a discount, or as seconds, but if someone ruined one, and it needed to be replaced, I'd expect the same brand, not a cheap one from Walmart (not that there's anything wrong with less expensive pans but that's not what I had).
Its kind of like my renter's insurance, which I need to re-evaluate. I have full replacement coverage, so it matters not that my tv is 20+ years old, my coverage is based on what it would cost to buy a new one now, if i needed to, not what its actaully worth, which is basically nothin!.
If it was something basic, using the vase example, a basic glass vase, I'd either tell them don't worry about it, or just to get something similar.
And if I broke something of someone's, I'd find out what it was, what it cost, and go from there. If it was something relaly pricy, and I couldn't afford to do it all at once, I'd certainly do a payment plan until it was paid off.