To me:
A dressing table has a place to sit in front of a mirror and has a few drawers for storing things like makeup and hair products.
A dresser is around 3-4 ft tall and has several vertical drawers. A double dresser has two sets side by side.
A chest of drawers is around 5 ft tall and has multiple verticle drawers stacked above each other.
A highboy is like a chest of drawers but has legs and is more intricate.
I now have a mule chest in my bedroom which is like a double dresser but taller.
Pod to the dressing table. But as a kid, all the rest, we would have called "bureaus." Later, in my teens, we started to say "dresser," but again, dresser would have applied to everything you list. Tall dressers and short dressers.
I'm another who grew up calling them bureaus except the dressing table ... which we didn't call a dressing table. It was a vanity.
Yup exactly the same for me. It was "bureau" and "vanity". Bureau only changed to "dresser" once I got older and had cause to write the words - dresser is easier to spell and thus became the default. I never heard the terms highboy or low boy.
A "tallboy" is not furniture at all to me, its a 16oz beer (as opposed to a standard 12oz). "Amy and I got a 6 pack of tallboys for the softball game." Unless its a Fosters, then its an "oilcan". A 40oz beer is simply a "forty" - as in "there were a bunch of rowdy teens drinking forties in the park last night, I had to call the cops."
And I too have used/heard "pan out" as a question or a negative, but never an affirmative.
And of course drawer and door rhyme! With draw being *almost* indistinguishable from draw.